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veypi
2020-07-11 22:48:23 +08:00
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linux/Prometheus.md
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# Prometheus
## Prometheus
> https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/getting_started/
```bash
tar xvfz prometheus-*.tar.gz
cd prometheus-*
```
## grafana
> https://grafana.com/docs/installation/debian/
```bash
wget https://dl.grafana.com/oss/release/grafana_5.4.2_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install -y adduser libfontconfig1
sudo dpkg -i grafana_5.4.2_amd64.deb
```
linux/apt_source.md
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# apt 源
## ubuntu 18.04
```bash
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security multiverse
```
linux/aria2.md
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# ubuntu 下安装使用 aria2
- http://blog.csdn.net/crazycui/article/details/52205908
## 安装
> sudo apt install aria2
linux/env.md
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# env
``` bash
# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS _Xenial Xerus_ - Release amd64 (20170801)]/ xenial main restricted
# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
# deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
# deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
# deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
# deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
# deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
# deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse
## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
# deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
# deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main restricted
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main restricted
# deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security universe
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security universe
# deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security multiverse
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main restricted #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse #Added by software-properties
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security multiverse
deb [arch=amd64] http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu xenial stable
# deb-src [arch=amd64] http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu xenial stable
```
linux/install_nginx.md
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# install nginx on ubuntu 14.04
linux/interface.md
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# /etc/network/interface 配置
## static ip
``` bash
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.2.34
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.0.2.254
dns-nameservers 114.114.114.114
```
linux/iptables.md
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# linux 下使用iptables 做路由转发
- 参考自 http://blog.csdn.net/whatday/article/details/53634954
## 环境
两台设备：
ubuntu 16.04
eth0 192.168.1.2/24 192.168.1.2
wlan0 10.138.177.83 *.*.*.*
raspberry pi b+
eth0 192.168.1.10/24 192.168.1.2
## iptables 命令
参考自 http://man.linuxde.net/iptables
``` bash
iptables -t 表名 <-A/I/D/R> 规则链名 [规则号] <-i/o 网卡名> -p 协议名 <-s 源IP/源子网> --sport 源端口 <-d 目标IP/目标子网> --dport 目标端口 -j 动作
```
## 转发80端口到其他端口
``` bash
iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-port 4000
```
## 设置静态ip
> sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces
``` bash
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.8.100
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.8.2
dns-nameserver 119.29.29.29
```
> sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart # 重启网络
linux/iptables设置端口转发.md
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# iptables 设置端口转发/映射
## 网络拓扑
![iptables_examples_network_topology](../static/img/iptables_examples_network_topology.png)
服务器A有两个网卡
内网ip：192.168.1.3
外网ip：10.138.108.103
本地回环:127.0.0.1
服务器B有网卡，8001提供服务
内网ip：192.168.1.1
## 目的
使用户通过外网10.138.108.103：8001访问内网服务器192.168.1.1:8001
## 思路
![iptables_frame](../static/img/iptables_frame.png)
如图2所示，端口转发走的是下发A路，利用nat表中prerouting做dnat，用postrouting做snat
### 包分析
时期 |操作|源IP:PORT|目的IP：PORT
------- |----|----|----
packet in|用户访问|1.2.3.4:5|10.138.108.103:8001
prerouting|dnat|1.2.3.4:5|192.168.1.1:8001
routing decision|判断是否转发|1.2.3.4:5|192.168.1.1:8001
postrouting|snat|10.138.108.103:X|192.168.1.1:8001
packet out|转发包|10.138.108.103:X|192.168.1.1:8001
## 开启内核ip转发
> nano /etc/sysctl.conf
将下项注释去掉
``` bash
# net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
```
使改动生效
> sudo sysctl -p
## 脚本
``` bash
#!/bin/bash
pro='tcp'
src_host1='192.168.1.3'
src_host2='10.138.108.103'
src_port=8001
Dst_Host='192.168.1.1'
Dst_Port=8001
# 清空规则
iptables -F
iptables -X
iptables -Z
iptables -t nat -F
# Destination network address translate (dnat)
# 如图2所示
iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p $pro -d $src_host1 --dport $src_port -j DNAT --to $Dst_Host:$Dst_Port
iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p $pro -d $src_host2 --dport $src_port -j DNAT --to $Dst_Host:$Dst_Port
iptables -A FORWARD -p $pro -d $Dst_Host --dport $Dst_Port -j ACCEPT
# 本地连接不经过prerouting，只经过output链，所以想要在服务器A通过本地ip访问服务器B需要在output 链增加dnat规则
iptables -t nat -A OUTPUT -p $pro -d $src_host1 --dport $src_port -j DNAT --to $Dst_Host:$Dst_Port
iptables -t nat -A OUTPUT -p $pro -d $src_host2 --dport $src_port -j DNAT --to $Dst_Host:$Dst_Port
# source network address translate (snat)
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -p $pro -d $Dst_Host --dport $Dst_Port -j SNAT --to $src_host1
# 显示已有规则
iptables -t nat -L -n --line-number
```
linux/minicom.md
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# minicom note
# install
> sudo apt-get install minicom
# set default config
> sudo minicom -s
linux/monitor.md
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sudo ifconfig wlan0 down
sudo iwconfig wlan0 mode Monitor
sudo ifconfig wlan0 up
## if rfkill error
rfkill unblock wifi
linux/net.sh
Executable
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#! /bin/sh
#
# net.sh
# Copyright (C) 2019 light <light@light-laptop>
#
# Distributed under terms of the MIT license.
#
LANG=""
while true
do
up_time1=`ifconfig $1 | grep "bytes" | awk '{print $6}'`
down_time1=`ifconfig $1 | grep "bytes" | awk '{print $2}'`
sleep 1
clear
up_time2=`ifconfig $1 | grep "bytes" | awk '{print $6}'`
down_time2=`ifconfig $1 | grep "bytes" | awk '{print $2}'`
up_time1=${up_time1}
up_time2=${up_time2}
down_time1=${down_time1}
down_time2=${down_time2}
up_time=`expr $up_time2 - $up_time1`
down_time=`expr $down_time2 - $down_time1`
up_time=`expr $up_time / 1024`
down_time=`expr $down_time / 1024`
echo 上传速度: $up_time kb/s
echo 下载速度: $down_time kb/s
done
linux/nmap.md
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nmap -v -sP 192.168.1.0/24
linux/scp.md
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scp -P 2210 -r static pi@myserver:/home/pi/
linux/screen.md
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``` bash
screen -ls
screen -r name
screen -d name
screen -dmS name ngrok start client ssh server
screen -dmS ngrok ngrok start client ssh server
screen -dmS sslocal sslocal -c /etc/shadowsocks.json -d start
screen -dmS test ngrokStart -d
sudo ./bin/ngrokd -tlsKey=server.key -tlsCrt=server.crt -domain="ngrok.hellolight.me" -httpAddr=":8081" -httpsAddr=":8082"
sudo screen -S 12597 -X quit
```
linux/sudo.md
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# sudo
> sudo visudo
``` bash
%sudo ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
# 改成
%sudo ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL
```
linux/synergy.md
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# synergy
```bash
sudo apt install synergy
sudo apt-get install sni-qt
```
linux/sysmonitor.md
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# Ubuntu 实时显示网速、CPU占用等状态
``` bash
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:fossfreedom/indicator-sysmonitor
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install indicator-sysmonitor
indicator-sysmonitor &
```
linux/ubuntu_install_pyqt4.md
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# ubuntu 安装 pyqt4
- ubuntu14.04 64 python 2.6
- refer to
- http://blog.csdn.net/tao_627/article/details/46529587
## 安装
``` bash
$ sudo apt-get install libxext6 libxext-dev libqt4-dev libqt4-gui libqt4-sql
$ sudo apt-get install qt4-dev-tools qt4-doc qt4-qtconfig qt4-demos qt4-designer
$ sudo apt-get install python-qt4
$ sudo apt-get install python-qt4-*
$ sudo apt-get install python-qscintilla2
```
## 测试
``` bash
$ python
>>> import PyQt4
>>>
```
linux/uget.md
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# ubuntu 16.04 安装使用 uget
> http://www.cnblogs.com/EasonJim/p/7119294.html
## 安装uget
``` bash
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:plushuang-tw/uget-stable
sudo apt update
sudo apt install uget
```
``` bash
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:t-tujikawa/ppa
sudo apt update
sudo apt install aria2
```
linux/update-alternatives.md
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# update-alternatives
``` bash
# 设置优先级
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-4.8 20
# 查询版本
sudo update-alternatives --query gcc
```
linux/user.md
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# user
## create user
```bash
useradd git
# 制定用户默认的shell
chsh git -s /bin/bash
# 更改权限
chown -R git:git /home/git
```
## auth
```bash
## 只修改文件权限 -type d 为修改目录权限
find workspace -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \;
```
linux/vnc.md
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# vnc for ubuntu
## xfce4
远程桌面选用xfce， gnome 极消耗带宽资源
```bash
sudo apt install xfce4 xfce4-goodies
mv ~/.vnc/xstartup ~/.vnc/xstartup.bak
nano ~/.vnc/xstartup
```
```bash
~/.vnc/xstartup
#!/bin/bash
xrdb $HOME/.Xresources
startxfce4 &
```
linux/zsh.md
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``` bash
sudo apt install -y zsh
sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh)"
chsh -s /bin/zsh
sudo reboot -h now
```
linux/网络相关命令.md
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iw list | grep -A 10 "Supported interface modes"